HistoryExtra
type: channel
link: https://www.historyextra.com
description: Home of Britain’s bestselling history magazine and award-winning podcast
date: 2022-08-30T14:34:27.000Z
update period: hourly
update frequency: 1
update base: 2000-01-01T12:00+00:00
items: In pictures: when England won the football World Cup
items: In pictures: 150 years of the British Red Cross
items: The Crown S4 news: Netflix releases first images of Princess Diana and Margaret Thatcher
items: In pictures: the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
items: In pictures: the history of London’s Heathrow Airport
items: In pictures: English life in the 1960s, photographed by Tony Ray-Jones
items: In pictures: the glittering treasures of Tutankhamun
items: In pictures: remembering the Berlin Wall 30 years on
items: In pictures: The Ashes through history
items: In pictures: erotic postcards of the early 20th century

In pictures: when England won the football World Cup
type: item
date: 2021-07-08T14:25:13.000Z
creator: Elinor Evans
subject: 20th Century
subject: Period
subject: Football
description: As the England men's football team prepare to compete in their first major final for 55 years, we look back to 30 July 1966, when Bobby Moore's England triumphed 4-2 against West Germany to win the 1966 World Cup trophy at Wembley Stadium in London
encoded: Geoff Hurst's hat-trick in the 1966 match at London's Wembley Stadium secured the Jules Rimet trophy for England for the first (and, to date, only) time in sporting history… <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2018/07/GettyImages-3418256-7a60fd1.jpg" width="3644" height="2412" alt="Crowds arrive at Wembley Stadium for the 1966 World Cup final between England and West Germany. A crowd of 93,000 spectators – including Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Phillip – filled the London stadium. (Photo by A. Jones/Evening Standard/Getty Images)" title="Crowds arrive at Wembley Stadium for the 1966 World Cup final between England and West Germany. A crowd of 93,000 spectators – including Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Phillip – filled the London stadium. (Photo by A. Jones/Evening Standard/Getty Images)" /> Above, crowds arrive at Wembley Stadium for the 1966 World Cup final between England and West Germany. A crowd of 93,000 spectators – including Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Phillip – filled the London stadium. <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2018/07/GettyImages-3418193-8aed9ad.jpg" width="3666" height="2671" alt="England football fans at Wembley Stadium on 30 July 1966. On 26 July, England's football team had faced Portugal in the semi-finals, and although Portugal's star player Eusébio had scored his ninth goal of the tournament, the hosts won 2-1 to set up the final with West Germany. (Photo by A. Jones/Evening Standard/Getty Images)" title="England football fans at Wembley Stadium on 30 July 1966. On 26 July, England's football team had faced Portugal in the semi-finals, and although Portugal's star player Eusébio had scored his ninth goal of the tournament, the hosts won 2-1 to set up the final with West Germany. (Photo by A. Jones/Evening Standard/Getty Images)" /> England football fans at Wembley Stadium on 30 July 1966. On 26 July, England's football team had faced Portugal in the semi-finals, and alth…

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In pictures: 150 years of the British Red Cross
type: item
date: 2020-11-13T04:14:10.000Z
subject: 20th Century
subject: 21st Century
subject: Membership
subject: Victorian
subject: Period
description: The British Red Cross, a humanitarian network founded to offer impartial aid to the sick and wounded, is marking its 150th anniversary this year. On World Kindness Day, Mehzebin Adam, curator at the British Red Cross Museum & Archives, shares more about its history in both times of war and peace – through eight fascinating objects…
encoded: The Red Cross and Red Crescent movement began when Swiss humanitarian Henry Dunant called for a kinder world. Shocked by the suffering of wounded soldiers in the aftermath of the Battle of Solferino in 1859, he urged all nations to create volunteer groups to provide impartial relief to the sick and wounded. Dunant’s ideas led to the foundation of the Red Cross in 1863 and the original Geneva Convention in 1864, the first treaty of modern international humanitarian law. Following the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, the British Red Cross was formed on 4 August to provide relief to the sick and wounded soldiers on both sides of the war. The society joined the global Red Cross movement to work towards the shared goal of helping people in need, no matter who or where they are. 5 acts of kindness that changed history To mark our 150-year legacy, we have launched 150 Voices – an online exhibition to celebrate the charity’s history of connecting human kindness with human crisis. As part of the exhibition, volunteers from around the UK helped to select 150 items from the British Red Cross Museum and Archives. At a time when the coronavirus pandemic has meant that many museums are inaccessible, this new online exhibition allows people to virtually explore the British Red Cross Museum and Archives and learn about the charity’s 150 years of history. You can find out more by visiting the 150 Voices online exhibition Beginnings of the British Red Cross Following an appeal by Robert Loyd-Lindsay in The Times in July 1870, a sum of nearly £200,000 (the equivalent of around £24 million today) had been raised by the National Society for Aid to the Sick and Wounded in War, later renamed British Red Cross, to provide relief to the soldiers of the Franco-Prussian War. The painting shows Robert Loyd-Lindsay, on foot, travelling to give equal cash donations of £20,000 (the equivalent of around £2.4 million today) to both sides of the war. He is followed by his assistant, Mr W…

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The Crown S4 news: Netflix releases first images of Princess Diana and Margaret Thatcher
type: item
date: 2020-09-29T14:50:40.000Z
creator: Rachel Dinning
subject: 20th Century
subject: General Modern
subject: Period
subject: The Crown
description: Netflix has released first look images from the fourth series of The Crown, which will see debuts from Emma Corrin as Princess Diana and Gillian Anderson as Margaret Thatcher...
encoded: Pictures of actresses Emma Corrin and Gillian Anderson as Princess Diana and Margaret Thatcher are among stills released by Netflix today ahead of season four of The Crown. In one image, Princess Diana (Emma Corrin) can be seen tentatively holding the hand of her rival-in-love, Camilla Parker Bowles (Emerald Fennell). In another, Margaret Thatcher (Gillian Anderson) is pictured waving on the doorstep of 10 Downing Street, presumably after being elected as the UK's first woman prime minister on 4 May 1979. Netflix's popular royal drama has explored many hidden intricacies of the British royal family over three series so far, providing an engrossing portrait of the 20th-century monarchy. Series three took viewers up to the year 1977, with the fourth series – which arrives on Netflix on 15 November – likely to pick up in the late 1970s. Upcoming plot lines are expected to include Charles's and Diana's relationship; tensions between the Queen and Margaret Thatcher, as the latter leads the country into the Falklands War; and the death of Lord Mountbatten at the hands of the IRA. What can we expect from series 4 of The Crown? Plus a recap of series 1–3 The series also stars Olivia Colman as Queen Elizabeth II; Helena Bonham Carter as Princess Margaret; Tobias Menzies as Prince Philip; Erin Doherty as Princess Anne; and Marion Bailey as the Queen Mother. View the rest of The Crown S4 images below Who plays who in the upcoming season of The Crown? And what do they really look like? Your guide to the cast of Netflix’s popular royal drama Watch: The Crown S4 sneak peek View oEmbed on the source website Rachel Dinning is the Digital Editorial Assistant at HistoryExtra

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In pictures: the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
type: item
date: 2020-06-24T09:00:32.000Z
subject: General Modern
subject: Membership
subject: Period
subject: Second World War
subject: Hiroshima
description: On 6 August 1945, the US dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima in Japan that instantly killed around 78,000 people. Many more would die in the years to come from the effects of nuclear radiation – by the end of 1945 the death toll had reached approximately 140,000. Three days later, on 9 August, a second bomb targeting Nagasaki killed around 35,000 people and the final death toll was calculated as at least 50,000
encoded: For years debate has raged over whether the US was right to drop the two atomic bombs on Japan during the final weeks of the Second World War. Here, we look back at some of the photos taken in the aftermath of the attack... <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2015/07/GettyImages-50698631-e535247.jpg" width="858" height="1024" alt="Aerial view of the mushroom cloud of smoke as it billows 20,000 ft. in the air, following the United States Air Force's detonation of an atomic bomb over the city of Hiroshima, Japan, August 6, 1945. (Photo by Time Life Pictures/US Army Air Force/The LIFE Picture Collection via Getty Images)" title="Mushroom Cloud Over Hiroshima" /> Read more about this topic The science behind the bombing of Hiroshima Should America have dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki? The countdown to Hiroshima <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2015/07/GettyImages-53313850-157442f.jpg" width="822" height="1024" alt="A mother and child, dressed in traditional clothing, sit on the ground amid rubble and brunt trees, Hiroshima, Japan, December 1945. On August 6, some four months previously, the United States had dropped an atomic bomb on the city--three days later a second one was dropped on Nagasaki. (Photo by Alfred Eisenstaedt/The LIFE Picture Collection via Getty Images)" title="Mother & Child In Wasteland" /> <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2015/07/GettyImages-52017175-27b290d.jpg" width="1024" height="775" alt="HIROSHIMA, JAPAN - JANUARY 1: Picture dated 1948 showing the devastated city of Hiroshima after the US nuclear bombing on the city 06 August 1946 during World War II. (Photo credit should read STF/AFP via Getty Images)" title="Picture dated 1948 showing the devastated city of" /> <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2015/07/GettyImages-107706853-2fceda0.jpg" width="1016" height="1024" alt="JAPAN - AUGUST 01: So…

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In pictures: the history of London’s Heathrow Airport
type: item
date: 2020-02-27T11:07:51.000Z
creator: Emma Mason
subject: 20th Century
subject: General Modern
subject: Period
description: First opened officially as ‘London Airport’ in 1946 and renamed ‘Heathrow’ in 1966, today more than 78 million passengers travel through Heathrow Airport annually. Amid the ongoing legal fight over controversial plans to build a third runway by 2026, read more about the airport's history…
encoded: Heathrow Airport's controversial plans to build a third runway have been thrown into doubt after a court ruling this week. How much do you know about the site's history? An airfield was established on the site we now know as Heathrow Airport as far back as 1929, in the village of Heath Row in Harmondsworth, but it was not until the Second World War that expansion got under way. Following the end of the war, the airport was handed over from military to civil control on 1 January 1946. The first commercial flight to take off from Heathrow that same day was a converted Lancaster bomber named Starlight that flew to Buenos Aires. Here we explore the history of Heathrow Airport in photos… <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2018/06/GettyImages-3069465-7c41a88.jpg" width="3624" height="2659" alt="Waterlogged runways at Heathrow (then known as London Airport) on 28 May 1946, one week before the airport became Britain's main aerial gateway to the United States. (Photo by Harry Todd/Fox Photos/Getty Images)" title="Waterlogged runways at Heathrow (then known as London Airport) on 28 May 1946, one week before the airport became Britain's main aerial gateway to the United States. (Photo by Harry Todd/Fox Photos/Getty Images)" /> <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2018/06/GettyImages-634242193-5d0ca40.jpg" width="5020" height="3690" alt="Workmen attempt to trench away water from around the marquees for passengers at the new London Airport, 30 May 1946. The marquees were a temporary arrangement as the airport prepared to accommodate flights from the United States. (Photo by Fox Photos/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)" title="Workmen attempt to trench away water from around the marquees for passengers at the new London Airport, 30 May 1946. The marquees were a temporary arrangement as the airport prepared to accommodate flights from the United States. (Photo by Fox Photos/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)" /> <img src="http…

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In pictures: English life in the 1960s, photographed by Tony Ray-Jones
type: item
date: 2019-12-03T16:15:57.000Z
subject: 20th Century
subject: Period
description: Emma Slattery Williams explores the work of Tony Ray-Jones: a pioneer of British post-war photography whose images distilled the lighthearted, social side of English life in the late 1960s
encoded: Between 1966 and 1969, photographer Tony Ray-Jones – then in his mid-twenties – travelled across England in a campervan, capturing on camera what he described as the essence of “the English way of life… before it becomes more Americanised”. His fascination with ‘Englishness’ – from manners and traditions, to eccentricities and comedy – saw Ray-Jones travel the length and breadth of the country, capturing amusing and often poignant images of people at work and at play, enjoying their leisure time in a uniquely English way, or focussed on their daily struggle to survive. The resulting images encompass a wealth of English scenes – from disorganised family days at the beach, to the airs and graces of Glyndebourne: snapshots of history that are forever English. Here are some of BBC History Revealed's favourites, taken from a new Bristol exhibition on Tony Ray-Jones. <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2019/12/78.-0001-0024_Tony-Ray-Jones_SSPL-d93b973.jpg" width="1181" height="788" alt="Mabelthorpe, 1967. A familiar and often chaotic family scene at the beach. (Image © Tony Ray-Jones/National Science & Media Museum/Science & Society Picture Library)" title="Mabelthorpe, 1967. A familiar and often chaotic family scene at the beach. (Image © Tony Ray-Jones/National Science & Media Museum/Science & Society Picture Library)" /> <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2019/12/78.-44S_21_8_Tony-Ray-Jones_SSPL-e0072c8.jpg" width="1157" height="772" alt="The seaside, 1966. A couple catches some rays while listening to music on a portable record player, singles lined up on the blanket beside them. (Image © Tony Ray-Jones/National Science & Media Museum/Science & Society Picture Library)" title="The seaside, 1966. A couple catches some rays while listening to music on a portable record player, singles lined up on the blanket beside them. (Image © Tony Ray-Jones/National Science & Media Museum/Science & Society Picture Li…

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In pictures: the glittering treasures of Tutankhamun
type: item
subject: Ancient Egypt
subject: Period
description: What did pharaohs take with them to the afterlife? Tarek El Awady, curator of a new exhibition of treasures from Tutankhamnun's tomb at the Saatchi Gallery in London, tells BBC History Revealed what these objects – some of which are leaving Egypt for the first time – can tell us about the Boy King
encoded: Born in c1342 BC, Tutankhamun ruled Ancient Egypt for around ten years until his death at the age of about 19. His short time as pharaoh was not especially memorable, but the 1922 discovery of the Boy King’s intact tomb sealed his place in the history books. After years of excavations, the English archaeologist Howard Carter stumbled across Tutankhamun’s tomb in the Valley of the Kings, revealing rooms filled with what he described as “wonderful things” to the world. 8 things you (probably) didn’t know about Tutankhamun What killed Tutankhamun? Why was mummification used in Ancient Egypt, and why did they leave the heart in the body? In November 2019, some 150 of those precious objects go on display at the Saatchi Gallery in London. Below is a glimpse at a handful of those treasures – many of which are leaving Egypt for the first time. Beetle mania <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2019/10/Web-Tut-Pics-72DPI6-889e13c.jpg" width="1024" height="640" alt="Scarab beetle jewellery" title="Tutankhamun’s tomb had been filled with precious objects to aid the Pharaoh on his journey into the afterlife. This piece of jewellery features a scarab beetle made of lapis lazuli, a semi-precious stone prized for its intense blue colour, making it a favourite for Ancient Egyptian jewellery. The scarab was regarded as sacred; Khepri was the scarab-faced god of the rising Sun and rebirth. “After grave goods had been placed inside the tomb, a curse inscription was often carved to protect it,” explains Tarek El Awady, curator of the Tutankhamun: Treasures of the Golden Pharaoh exhibition. “Such curses might have threatened that the bones of anyone who touches the tomb would be crushed by nails or his blood will be poisoned by snakes, for example.” Despite the rumours, it’s unknown if any curses were placed on Tutankhamun’s tomb. If there were, they weren’t heeded as the tomb is believed to have been raided more than once.(Image by Laboratoriorosso, Viter…

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In pictures: remembering the Berlin Wall 30 years on
type: item
date: 2019-10-29T10:53:14.000Z
subject: 20th Century
subject: Cold War
subject: Period
description: November 2019 marks 30 years since the fall of the Berlin Wall, East Germany’s solution to the mass emigration of its citizens at the height of the Cold War. To mark the anniversary, we rounded up a selection of images showcasing the history of the wall – from its construction in August 1961 to its fall in 1989...
encoded: The Berlin Wall was built at the height of the Cold War, on 13 August 1961. Its purpose? To keep disaffected East German citizens from moving to the west... <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2019/10/GettyImages-104403345-26ea85d.jpg" width="1024" height="761" alt="August 1961: Building commandos of the National People's Army of the German Democratic Republic begin building the 3.5 metre-high wall to separate East Berlin from the other parts of the city. (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)" title="August 1961: Building commandos of the National People's Army of the German Democratic Republic begin building the 3.5 metre-high wall to separate East Berlin from the other parts of the city. (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)" /> <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2019/10/GettyImages-508218185-68ec275.jpg" width="1024" height="739" alt="December 1961: An armoured truck cleans away debris after the East German government ordered construction work to strengthen the border crossing at Heinrich-Heine-Strasse (aka Checkpoint Delta) on the Berlin Wall. (Photo by Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)" title="December 1961: An armoured truck cleans away debris after the East German government ordered construction work to strengthen the border crossing at Heinrich-Heine-Strasse (aka Checkpoint Delta) on the Berlin Wall. (Photo by Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)" /> The Berlin Wall: key facts When was the Berlin Wall built? The Berlin Wall was constructed in August 1961 after East German communists were given approval by Moscow to close the border between East and West Germany and build a physical barrier. Why was the Berlin Wall built? The Berlin Wall was constructed to stop people from East Germany moving to the west at the height of the Cold War. Prior to the wall's existence, one in six people had been fleeing the communist German Democratic Republic (GDR), …

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In pictures: The Ashes through history
type: item
date: 2019-08-01T09:11:10.000Z
subject: 20th Century
subject: Period
subject: Victorian
subject: Cricket
description: The term 'the Ashes' first originated in 1882 after England's cricket team lost to Australia at The Oval in London. Since then, the Test series has continued between the rival teams. We look back at some of the most memorable matches through history...
encoded: <img src="https://images.immediate.co.uk/production/volatile/sites/7/2018/01/ashes8001-be8a253.jpg" width="800" height="530" alt="BDW39T The Australian XI of 1882, the cricket team toured England and won the only test at the Oval, the start of the Ashes legend. Image shot 1882. Exact date unknown." title="The Australian XI of 1882, the cricket team toured England and won the only test at the Oval, the start of the Ashes legend. Image shot 1882. Exact date unknown." /> An 'obituary' in The Sporting Times on the 'death' of English cricket, which appeared after England lost the 1882 Test Match against Australia. The bales were burnt and the ashes placed in an urn to become 'The Ashes', for which the Australia and England cricket teams compete. The England team for the second Test of the 1899 Ashes series against Australia. The Australians won the match by 10 wickets. All the other four matches of the series were drawn. A print from The Book of Cricket, a Gallery of Famous Players, edited by CB Fry, George Newnes Ltd, London, c1899. Tibby Cotter of Australia bowling to Wilfred Rhodes of England in the second Ashes Test at Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, Australia, 30 December 1911 to 3 January 1912. England won the match by eight wickets. (Credit: Hulton Archive/Getty Images) The English cricket team during a team photo at the start of their Ashes campaign, 1928. SMH SPORT Picture by HH FISHWICK. (Credit: Fairfax Media/Fairfax Media via Getty Images) Don Bradman of Australia in bat while wicketkeeper Godfrey Evans and Bill Edrich field for England during the first Ashes Test match at Trent Bridge in Nottingham, England, 1948. Australia won by eight wickets. (Credit: Allsport Hulton/Archive) 'The Ashes', a funeral trophy for which English and Australian cricket teams compete. It is kept in the Long Room of the pavilion at Lord's cricket ground in London. Picture dated 1951. (Credit: Central Press/Getty Images) Mr and Mrs O’Neill, Mr and Mrs Williams and Mr Deane wai…

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In pictures: erotic postcards of the early 20th century
type: item
date: 2019-05-12T13:09:25.000Z
subject: General Modern
subject: Period
subject: Photography
description: By the early 20th century, hundreds of thousands of images had become available showing women in varying degrees of undress. Printed with postcard backs, in Britain the trade in these erotic cards was hidden, and they were often sold 'under the counter' in tobacconists, newsagents and bookshops...
encoded: As historian Nigel Sadler reveals, in earlier years the aim of such images was to capture the female form rather than to titillate, and photographers could only produce images of the female nude for use by artists. In Erotic Postcards of the Early Twentieth Century, Sadler explores the changes in social attitudes, fashions and technology through the medium of erotic postcards, and charts the journey from the partly clad to full nude. Writing for History Extra, Sadler summarises the history of erotic postcards, and shares some of the most fascinating images from his book… For centuries, artists have depicted naked females. Therefore, it was not surprising that when photography was introduced, some photographers gravitated to the female nude as their subject matter. The idea was to capture the female form rather than to titillate. However, as the genre progressed images became more risqué: clothing left on but unbuttoned; furniture added to suggest a bedroom; the model interacting with the camera by gazing at it. Bettany Hughes on the symbol of Venus In bed with the Romans: a brief history of sex in Ancient Rome History’s most fascinating muses The authorities wanted to control the production and sale of these images. With daguerreotype images (the first photographic process) in the 1840s and 1850s this was easy, as there were few photographers, and in France photographers had to register with the authorities and could only produce images for use by artists. As photography became easier and cheaper, more studios opened and some, mostly in Paris, started to produce risqué postcards. At this point the authorities lost control. The heyday of the erotic postcard was between the 1890s and the 1930s, but in this instance the term ‘postcard’ is a misnomer: even though many were printed with a postcard back, they were intended to be collected rather than sent. The postcard size made it easier to hide and sell the cards ‘under the counter’. For studios the priority became maxi…

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