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Henry I

Catherine Hanley tells the story of Empress Matilda, whose battle for the English throne became known as ‘the anarchy’. (Photo by Jeni Nott for BBC History Magazine)

Medieval warrior queen

King Henry I "always seemed to have money at his disposal," says Judith Green, and was very good at spending it. (Universal History Archive/Getty Images)

The Library How King Henry I made and blew a fortune

The Three Lions crest. A trio of lions has appeared on the arms of every English (and British) monarch since the late 12th century, and has been flown as a battle standard on English soil and abroad. (Photo by Marc Atkins/Offside/Getty Images)

Q&A Why are there three lions on the shirts of the English football team?

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The search for Henry I: what you need to know

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In pictures: kings and queens through history

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Why Henry I could be the next ‘car park king’

Matilda tried to become queen of England, "not in the conventional sense of a king's wife, but in the unprecedented form of a female king," says Helen Castor. (Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Matilda, daughter of Henry I: a queen in a king’s world