Medieval battles

From the Norman Conquest and the battle of Hastings to the Crusades; the Hundred Years’ War; the Wars of the Roses and the battle of Bosworth, the Middle Ages were plagued by bloody battles and violent sieges. Here we explore the biggest, bloodiest and most significant medieval battles, as well as overlooked clashes such as the battle of Tours, Hattin and Sandwich…

"Pope Urban II’s address at the Council of Clermont, the moment that triggered the First Crusade, has gone down as perhaps the most influential speech in history," writes Sandbrook. (Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images)

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A big day in history: The day Pope Urban II exhorted Christians to go on crusade. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Richard I (also known as Richard the Lionheart) frequently dated documents with the 'regnal year'. An example of this might be "Winchester on the 23 day of April in the fifth year of our reign", which would translate to 23 April 1194. (Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images)

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A legacy of the lionheart. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

A statue of Joan of Arc in the home where she is thought to have been born, in Domrémy-La-Pucelle, eastern France. (PATRICK HERTZOG/AFP/Getty Images)

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Where history happenedJoan of Arc. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

A scene from the Chronique de St Denis depicting the marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine and Louis VII of France, 1137. (Photo by Ann Ronan Pictures/Print Collector/Getty Images)

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An A to Z of the Plantagenets. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

A Saracen attack on Crusaders, from the French manuscript 'Chroniques de Saint Denis', c1200. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

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Traders and crusaders. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Where the Bosworth battle really happened and a detailed look at rationing. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

The battle of Bosworth site. (Photo by Darren Walker/Dreamstime)

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The LibraryBosworth: did gunpowder win the day?. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

A helmet marks a trail over fields from the Bosworth Battlefield Heritage Centre, 2013. The site is close to the spot where the battle of Bosworth took place in 1485, and the place where King Richard III was killed. (Photo by Dan Kitwood/Getty Images)

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Bosworth: the race to find the battlefield. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Boar badge of Richard III discovered in Bosworth Field. (Photo by Creative Commons)

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Bosworth battle site: have we discovered where Richard III died?. This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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