HistoryExtra
type: channel
link: https://www.historyextra.com
description: The official website for BBC History Magazine
date: 2024-12-13T09:37:50.000Z
update period: hourly
update frequency: 1
update base: 2000-01-01T12:00+00:00
items: Tudor explorers: everything you wanted to know
items: Tudor podcast episodes
items: The Tudor travel bug: 6 artefacts that show the Tudors’ taste for travel
items: David Ingram: the Tudor sailor who hiked across pre-colonial America
items: Magellan: daring explorer or doomed failure?
items: Winds of change: how the discovery of trade winds powered Europe's empires
items: Two worlds collide: Spanish conquistadors and Aztecs
items: Dire straits: the story of Ferdinand Magellan's fatal voyage of discovery
items: A tale of Tudor travel: John Cabot's voyage to America
items: What happened to the lost colony of Roanoke Island?

Tudor explorers: everything you wanted to know
type: item
date: 2024-12-01T07:00:02.000Z
subject: Membership
subject: Period
subject: Tudor
subject: Everything you wanted to know about history (podcast series)
subject: Tudor exploration
description: Jerry Brotton guides us through the turbulent waters of Tudor exploration
encoded: By the time the Tudors took to the waves, much of the world had already been mapped by Europeans. So what was left for Tudor explorers to uncover – and should we call them 'explorers' at all? Historian Jerry Brotton doesn't think so. In this episode, he tells Kev Lochun how the Reformation drove the Tudors to sea, how Ireland became their Vietnam, and why some of the era's most famous names were little more than pirates. Jerry Brotton takes listeners on a whistle-stop tour around the world in AD 1500

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Tudor podcast episodes
type: item
subject: Period
subject: Tudor
subject: Tudor exploration
subject: Tudor kings and queens
subject: Tudor life
description: Browse our archive of HistoryExtra podcasts on the Tudor period, from ruling monarchs to everyday life...

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The Tudor travel bug: 6 artefacts that show the Tudors’ taste for travel
type: item
date: 2023-07-10T11:54:47.000Z
creator: Emily Stevenson
subject: Membership
subject: Period
subject: Tudor
subject: Tudor exploration
description: The 16th century saw England truly waking up to the possibilities of global trade and exploration, and that had a huge impact on tastes and fashions back home. Lauren Working and Emily Stevenson introduce six artefacts that speak to how the Tudors caught the travel bug
encoded: Fashion accessories from across the globe The portrait above of a finely dressed woman from 1569 is thought to depict Helena Snakenborg, one of several courtiers who accompanied Princess Cecilia of Sweden to London in 1565. The 1560s saw the Swedish king, Erik XIV, attempting to win Elizabeth I’s hand in marriage. Erik failed to win over the English queen but the two nations enjoyed good relations for much of Elizabeth’s reign, as evidenced by the diplomatic visit of 1565. Snakenborg remained in England following the visit, probably because she was being courted by William Parr, Marquess of Northampton. She eventually became maid of honour to Elizabeth – reflected, perhaps, in the vibrant rose embroideries on her clothing (the combination of red and white roses was a key Tudor emblem). On the podcast | Jane Malcolm-Davies unpicks the historical sources to uncover what people wore in Tudor England The intricate decorations in Snakenborg’s outfit show off her considerable wealth. They include two gold chains, feathers, hat buttons, a pearl-encrusted golden oak leaf pendant, an enamelled gold pendant in the shape of a woman holding a large gemstone, and golden rings in the shape of roses. These pearls, jewels and gold were brought from overseas through mercantile and colonial networks. The weighty pendant around her neck may be an emerald sourced in the mines of distant Colombia. Terrestrial globes to capture epic feats of exploration The Tudor era was one in which the world grew smaller – in more ways than one. As travellers embarked on voyages to distant destinations, they stoked a burgeoning obsession with global commodities. And that turned the world itself into an object that could be held or possessed. Pictured above is a terrestrial globe made by Emery Molyneux in 1592. Read more | Trade, religion and diversity: how Tudor London became a global city Molyneux’s spheres are the first of their kind known to have been produced in England, and were made from flour pa…

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David Ingram: the Tudor sailor who hiked across pre-colonial America
type: item
date: 2023-04-12T09:05:13.000Z
creator: Dean Snow
subject: Elizabethan
subject: Membership
subject: Period
subject: Tudor
subject: Historical people
subject: Tudor exploration
description: Having lost his ship and seeing no way of getting home, an intrepid 16th-century sailor took his chances in the wilderness of America. Dean Snow follows in his footsteps as he tramped 3,600 miles between the coasts of Mexico and Canada – and survived to provide an account that informed early English attempts to colonise North America
encoded: On an autumn day in 1569, the French trading ship Gargarine was anchored off the coast of north-east Canada when men aboard spotted a Native American canoe. To their surprise, the smaller vessel was carrying three Englishmen, who asked to be taken back to Europe. The tale they recounted – of traversing North America on foot, from the Gulf of Mexico via the east coast to the Bay of Fundy – was extraordinary. And the later account of one of them was to have a profound impact on the future of the continent. By the 1580s, the idea of establishing North American colonies was gaining traction in England. Adventurers and merchants including Walter Ralegh attempted to persuade Elizabeth I to lend her support to such ventures. So it was that in the summer of 1582, the queen directed her principal secretary and spymaster, Sir Francis Walsingham, to interrogate the one living Englishman known to have explored tracts of North America in person. Read more | Tudors in America: how England's New World colonies came into being That man was David Ingram, one of the sailors picked up by the Gargarine, who claimed to have undertaken his transcontinental trek more than a decade before Walsingham spoke to him. He had, though, also visited the African coast and the Caribbean, and (adding to the confusion) he was illiterate. As a consequence, written accounts adapted from Ingram’s interviews – particularly those published in Richard Hakluyt’s 1589 work The Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation – were lurid and, to modern eyes, clearly fantastical. Descriptions of creatures such as elephants, giant eagles and “a beast far exceeding an ox in bigness” were attributed to Ingram, and informed illustrations including drawings of giant human figures with faces in their chests. Most of these flourishes were the results of flawed interpretations of Ingram’s testimony. Yet his odyssey may well have happened much as he said – a truly extraordinary journey revealing ri…

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Magellan: daring explorer or doomed failure?
type: item
date: 2022-05-09T15:03:50.000Z
creator: Ellie Cawthorne
subject: Membership
subject: Period
subject: Tudor
subject: Historical people
subject: Tudor exploration
description: Felipe Fernández-Armesto reexamines the story of famed explorer Ferdinand Magellan, uncovering more failure than success
encoded: In September 1519, Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan set off on a fateful voyage to find a route to the Spice Islands. In the centuries since, Magellan has gone down in history as a chivalric adventurer, his name forever linked to the first circumnavigation of the globe. But, as Professor Felipe Fernández-Armesto tells Ellie Cawthorne, Magellan’s career was in fact shaped more by failure than success. Felipe Fernández-Armesto is the author of Straits: Beyond the Myth of Magellan (Bloomsbury, 2022) Buy now on Bookshop.org Buy now on Amazon Buy now on Waterstones

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Winds of change: how the discovery of trade winds powered Europe's empires
type: item
date: 2021-11-03T11:00:09.000Z
subject: Elizabethan
subject: Membership
subject: Period
subject: Stuart
subject: Tudor exploration
description: Lewis Dartnell reveals how the discovery of trade winds sparked the Age of Exploration and European empire-building
encoded: Throughout the Middle Ages, Europe was something of a backwater. Essentially no more than a peninsula stuck on the very end of the great continent of Asia, Europe languished on the extremity of the sprawling trade networks stretching right across Asia – the overland trade routes of the Silk Roads as well as maritime links along the southern margin of the continent and across the Indian Ocean. That status began to change in the early 15th century. The Age of Exploration started on the Iberian peninsula, when sailors from Portugal began venturing out into the Atlantic Ocean to seek new lands and riches, followed by mariners from Spain. The ensuing process of establishing long-range maritime trade routes, founding remote colonies and outposts, and forging vast overseas empires relied on the patterns of prevailing winds around the planet. This very first stage of globalisation and the building of the modern world was directed by the fundamental circulation systems in the Earth’s atmosphere. Portugal began its programme of exploration down the west African coastline in the early 15th century. The initial aim of those navigators was to locate the source of the gold that was then being brought across the Sahara by camel caravans; later, their efforts were directed at circumventing the Islamic world and establishing a maritime route to India and the lucrative trade in spices. The Atlantic islands – such as the Canaries, Madeira and the Azores – served as stepping stones through the tempestuous ocean waters. Sailing to and from those islands gave these early European navigators the first inklings of the grand-scale patterns of circulation in the planet’s atmosphere and oceans, which they soon came to understand more deeply and began to exploit. The Portuguese spent the best part of a century working their way down the coast of Africa before they finally found its southern tip and the gateway into the Indian Ocean. The captain who first made the voyage from the cape across th…

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Two worlds collide: Spanish conquistadors and Aztecs
type: item
date: 2021-08-05T15:50:20.000Z
subject: Period
subject: Tudor
subject: Aztecs
subject: Tudor exploration
description: Five centuries ago, Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés met Aztec emperor Moctezuma – a moment often depicted as the start of an unstoppable, inevitable European colonisation of the Americas. Caroline Dodds Pennock explains why the story is much more complex
encoded: On 8 November 1519, on a wide wooden causeway outside the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan, the tlatoani (ruler) Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin – better known today as Moctezuma – and the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés came face to face for the first time. The meeting powerfully symbolises the confrontation between the great civilisations of Europe and the Americas: Cortés, standing as representative of the king of Spain and newly elected Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V; and Moctezuma, the ruler of an empire of millions. It was the start of a series of events that led to the downfall of the Aztec empire, and to the Spanish conquest and colonisation of Central and South America. The epic myth of the Spanish conquest has become famous in history: the daring adventurer Cortés and a few hundred plucky conquistadors who defied overwhelming odds to vanquish the brutal Aztec empire. But this is no simple tale of inevitable European dominance. This was a moment when events were finely poised, before the balance of power shifted decisively towards the Europeans. And, for the players in this delicate game, it was not at all apparent who held the strongest cards. The meeting on the causeway has been depicted as emblematic of the meeting between the Old World and the New. But various aspects hint at the complexities and nuances of the encounter. After Cortés rode his horse onto the causeway he seems to have been kept waiting while Aztec nobles conducted a ceremonial welcome: each saluted him in courtly Nahuatl language before bowing low to touch and kiss the ground. It must have been an incredible scene, with thousands of Aztecs watching from canoes and rooftops, hoping to catch a glimpse of the newcomers; the causeway, too, was packed with people. In a striking distinction, Spanish accounts of the event emphasise the precious metals and stones sported by the Aztecs, whereas the Florentine Codex – compiled later from the recollections of indigenous informants – gives priority to the glorio…

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Dire straits: the story of Ferdinand Magellan's fatal voyage of discovery
type: item
date: 2021-04-27T11:00:15.000Z
subject: Period
subject: Tudor
subject: Historical people
subject: Tudor exploration
description: The renegade Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan masterminded a Spanish expedition that completed the first circuit of Earth, although it cost him his life. Writing for BBC History Revealed, Pat Kinsella tells the story and timeline of a triumph beset by mutiny, malnutrition and disaster
encoded: If all had gone to plan during Ferdinand Magellan’s life-defining expedition, almost no one would know his name now. As it happened, everything went disastrously wrong for the Portuguese sea captain, yet he has gone down in history as the first explorer to circumnavigate the planet, even though he died in the middle of the journey. Magellan did, however, become the first European to lead a voyage into the Pacific Ocean – although future sailors would regularly raise alarmed eyebrows at the name he bequeathed to it. The expedition he led (or at least one of the five ships that set out from Spain in 1519) performed the first known complete loop of the globe. Although Magellan could never have predicted the extraordinary events that would follow, perhaps the thought of reputational immortality would have provided the 41-year-old with a crumb of comfort on 27 April 1521, as he floundered in the shallows of a beach on the island of Mactan in the Philippines, mortally injured and weighed down by his armour. He had been identified as the leader of the invading alien force by the enraged warriors of island chief Lapu-Lapu, and was about to suffer a pointless and wholly avoidable death after his ill-advised show of military might spectacularly backfired. A voyage from hell: how Magellan’s circumnavigation of the world changed history Magellan’s final moments were frenzied and violent. But if he hadn’t made the fateful decision to lead a small force against a defending army of 1,500 battle-ready men, then perhaps he wouldn’t have been remembered as one of the greatest explorers of his era. Who was Ferdinand Magellan? Born into an aristocratic Portuguese family in 1480, Ferdinand Magellan was orphaned as a young boy and at the age of 12 he entered the royal court in Lisbon as a page of Eleanor of Viseu, consort of King John II. Thirteen years later, he enlisted in the fleet of the Portuguese viceroy to the Indies and spent seven years learning the ropes of his future career du…

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A tale of Tudor travel: John Cabot's voyage to America
type: item
date: 2021-03-26T22:37:53.000Z
subject: Membership
subject: Period
subject: Tudor
subject: Historical people
subject: Tudor exploration
description: In March 1496, King Henry VII tasked John Cabot with finding a new trade route to China and Japan. Rhiannon Davies what happened to the Tudor explorer on the journey that made him famous...
encoded: The Italian explorer John Cabot made history when he crossed the Atlantic and planted the English flag upon North American shores. He had sailed to a distant place where tall trees burst from rich, loamy soil, its waters so full of fish that the sailors hunted them by the barrel. But when Henry VII heard of Cabot’s rich discoveries, the monarch felt a pang of disappointment: why were there no spices? Henry had backed Cabot’s venture in the hopes of securing a fast new trade route to China and Japan – both Cabot and the famous explorer Christopher Columbus believed sailing west from Europe would quickly take them to Asia, as Europeans did not yet know about America. At the time, Asia was thought to be overflowing with all manner of treasures, including precious stones, gold and spices. And, as England was still reeling from the ill-effects of the Wars of the Roses and outbreaks of plague, securing such a profitable route into the heart of Asia would see the country’s prospects skyrocket. Who was John Cabot? Conversely, Cabot was not driven solely by the desire to fill his pockets with gold, but by his fervent ambition to travel the world and discover new lands. Born in the Italian city of Genoa in around 1450, Cabot upped sticks to Venice and became an official Venetian citizen in 1476. But he was determined to travel much further afield, and eventually found a job with a mercantile firm, where he learned how to navigate the sea with ease, and travelled as far as the Ottoman city of Mecca, an impressive trading hub where the eastern and western worlds collided. Your guide to the Silk Road Cabot’s determination to sail to far- flung regions had also been stoked by reading Marco Polo’s heady accounts of bustling Chinese cities. Cabot was desperate to see these places for himself, and he believed he could travel to them by charting a course west from Europe, across the Atlantic Ocean. However, Cabot lacked the money to finance such an extravagant operation, and at first…

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What happened to the lost colony of Roanoke Island?
type: item
date: 2020-07-28T13:45:36.000Z
subject: Elizabethan
subject: Period
subject: Tudor
subject: Historical people
subject: Tudor exploration
description: It is one of history's greatest unsolved mysteries: what happened to the lost colony of Roanoke Island? Founded in August 1585 by Queen Elizabeth I's favourite, Sir Walter Ralegh, the first English settlement in the New World was found abandoned without a trace of the colonists in 1590. Here, Dr Eric Klingelhofer investigates…
encoded: The morning of 18 August 1590, a group of sailors from two English privateering ships, the Moonlight and the Hopewell, scrambled up from a sandy beach to enter open woodland. They followed the lead of an elderly man who would have grown increasingly desperate in his shouts: “Eleanor! Ananias! Anybody! Is anyone there?” The sailors had landed on Roanoke Island in modern North Carolina, and their leader was John White, governor of Queen Elizabeth I’s North American dominion, Virginia. White was trying to find his daughter Eleanor and her husband, Ananias Dare, and indeed any other English settler on the island. Eleanor and Ananias, with his young granddaughter Virginia, were members of the colony he had left there three years earlier. Listen | Misha Ewen delves into the mysterious disappearance of a group of English settlers in North America in the late 16th century, which was voted in fourth place in our History’s Greatest Mysteries poll In 1587 White had returned to England to get badly needed supplies from Sir Walter Ralegh for the colonists who had wintered on Roanoke. His voyage back to America was soon beset by problems. On his first attempt, his vessel was captured by French pirates and he was seriously wounded in the fight. His efforts were also frustrated by a royal order to stop all shipping because of the Armada threat. Even when White did manage to return, in 1590, another disaster took place the day before his search on Roanoke. A captain and several crewmen drowned in rough seas trying to reach Roanoke Island through the dangerous sand bars of the Outer Banks. Nevertheless, the sailors pressed on, rowing around Roanoke to anchor off its north end where the settlers had lived. But no one answered White’s calls. No one was there. White found that a new strong fort had been erected but was now abandoned, containing only discarded, heavy items. All the houses of the settlement had been dismantled and removed. None of the 117 members of this Lost Colony were …

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